Journal: American Journal of Physiology - Cell Physiology

Article Title: E-cigarette use increases susceptibility to bacterial infection by impairment of human neutrophil chemotaxis, phagocytosis, and NET formation

doi: 10.1152/ajpcell.00045.2019

Figure Lengend Snippet: Electronic vapor extract (EVE) exposure alters membrane fluidity and the morphology of activated neutrophils. A: membrane fluidity of control and EVE-exposed neutrophils (25, 50, 75, 100, according to the %EVE in the incubation solution) was quantified using a fluorescent lipophilic pyrene probe that exhibits fluorescent shifts between excimer (le; emission maximum 470 nm) and monomer (lm; emission maximum 372 nm) forms (n = 3). Tomographic images of live control (B) and EVE-exposed (C) neutrophils were obtained using a NanoLive 3D Cell Explorer system. Yellow arrows indicate normal membrane extensions seen when neutrophils are plated. Blue arrows indicate the smoother rounded edge of EVE-exposed neutrophils, in the absence of membrane extensions. Red calipers mark the distance between the main cell body and cell membrane, which is greater in EVE-exposed neutrophils because of increased membrane fluidity. Scale bar represents 10 µm. Membrane fluidity results are expressed as mean values ± SE; results were analyzed by 1-way analysis of variance and post hoc Dunnett’s multiple-comparisons test. *P < 0.05 versus control values.

Article Snippet: Probe-free tomographic microscopy using a NanoLive 3D Cell Explorer microscope revealed an altered morphology of EVE-exposed neutrophils ( ).

Techniques: Incubation